My research integrates all levels of biological organization to explore how environmental stressors interact to threaten animal fitness and ultimately biodiversity. I work from the bottom up, studying how stressor interactions affect the most basic functional levels of physiology in order to make and test predictions about whole-animal physiology and evolutionary theory. My overarching objective is to understand the physiological tradeoffs associated with plasticity so that I can build a framework to model how populations will evolve through the increasingly complex environmental challenges we are creating.